MIASIS OCULAR Y BUCAL, A PROPÓSITO DE DOS CASOS / MYASIS EYE AND MOUTH, BY THE WAY OF TWO CASES

La palabra "miasis" proviene del griego, "myia" que significa mosca. La enfermedad corresponde a los daños causados por la invasión de larvas de moscas a tejidos del hombre u otros vertebrados

The term 'Myiasis' originates from the ancient Greek word 'myia', meaning 'fly'. This disease refers to tissue damage caused by the infestation of fly larvae in humans or other vertebrates

A review on the occurrence of Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Brazil / Revisão da ocorrência de Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) no Brasil

Abstract Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858), the New World screwworm, causes primary myiasis in wild and domestic animals in tropical and subtropical regions of Brazil. Although this species is considered to occur throughout the country, organized information about its recorded distribution has not been available until now. This article aimed to provide a comprehensive review of the historical and current data published on both immature (myiasis) and adult stages of C. hominivorax in Brazil. A total of 174 articles were found; of these, 141 articles reported myiasis cases in cattle (146 records), humans (68 records), and other mammalian hosts (40 records), and captures of adult flies were reported in 33 articles. C. hominivorax is widespread in Brazil, having been recorded in 208 municipalities in all major biomes of the country.

Resumo Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858), a mosca-da-bicheira, causa miíase primária em animais silvestres e domésticos em regiões tropicais e subtropicais do Brasil. Embora esta espécie seja considerada de ocorrência em todo o país, informações organizadas sobre sua distribuição com base em registros não estavam disponíveis até o momento. Este artigo teve como objetivo fornecer uma revisão abrangente dos dados históricos e atuais publicados sobre o registro de estágios imaturos (miíase) e adultos de C. hominivorax, no Brasil. De 174 artigos encontrados, 141 relataram casos de miíase em bovinos (146 relatos), humanos (68 relatos) e outros mamíferos hospedeiros (40 relatos) e capturas de adultos de C. hominivorax foram registradas em 33 artigos. C. hominivorax encontra-se amplamente distribuída no Brasil, tendo sido registrada em 208 municípios brasileiros em todos os principais biomas do país.

Bovine freeze-dried blood as alternative for feeding of screwworm larvae / Sangre liofilizada bovina como alternativa para la alimentación de larvas del gusano barrenador del ganado

The myiasis caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) or screwworm is considered one of the most traumatic and relevant to the region due to its economic implications and its importance in public health. The purpose of this study was to compare the reproductive and developmental indexes of screwworm using citrated and freeze-dried bovine blood, spray-dried bovine blood (currently used by Panama-United States Commission for the Eradication and Prevention of Screwworm ñacronym in spanish [Copeg]) and bovine citrated liquid blood. The use of freeze-dried arises through the premise that, due to its process of elaboration constitutes an alternative of better quality for the feeding of the screwworm in function of the integrity of sanguine proteins during its processing. For the comparison of the different diets, the following parameters were used: pH, total pupae weight, pupae size, total pupae volume, emergency percentage, oviposition percentage and hatching percentage. In the case of freeze-dried blood, it showed better mean (standard deviation) indexes of emergence, 83.42 (11.45), and 73.11 (15.97) (p = .01); and hatching, 89.70 (8.88), and 84.08 (8.29), (p = .004) compared to the diet based on spray-dried blood. By virtue of the above, freeze-dried blood proved to be a source of protein with potential to develop insect breeding programs.

La miasis causada por Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) o gusano barrenador del ganado (GBG) es considerada una de las más traumáticas y relevantes para la región debido a sus implicaciones económicas y su importancia en la salud pública. El propósito de este estudio fue comparar los índices reproductivos y de desarrollo del GBG con sangre bovina liofilizada citratada, sangre bovina secada por pulverización (actualmente utilizada por la Comisión Panamá-Estados Unidos para la Erradicación y Prevención del Gusano Barrenador del Ganado [Copeg]) y sangre líquida bovina citrata. El uso de liofilizado surge bajo la premisa de que, debido a su proceso de elaboración, constituye una alternativa de mejor calidad para la alimentación del GBG en función de la integridad de las proteínas sanguíneas durante su procesamiento. Para la comparación de las diferentes dietas, se utilizaron los siguientes parámetros: pH, peso total de las pupas, tamaño de pupas, volumen total de pupas, porcentaje de emergencia, porcentaje de oviposición y porcentaje de eclosión. En el caso de la sangre liofilizada, mostró mejores promedios (desviación estándar) de índices de emergencia, 83.42 (11.45) y 73.11 (15.97) (p = .01), y eclosión, 89.70 (8.88) y 84.08 (8.29) (p = .004) en comparación con la dieta basada en sangre secada por pulverización. En virtud de lo anterior, la sangre bovina liofilizada demostró ser una fuente de proteína con potencial para desarrollar programas de crianza de insectos.

Development of Chrysomya albiceps Wiedemann, 1819 (Diptera: calliphoridae) and Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 (Diptera: muscidae) reared together in pig tissues

Chysomya albiceps and Musca domestica are important for forensic entomology, and human and animal health. This study analyzed the effects of the coexistence of C. albiceps and M. domestica reared in four different assays in two pig tissues, brain and intestine: assay 1, interaction between the larvae of the same age; assay 2, interaction between larvae of C. albiceps 24 hours older than larvae of M. domestica; assay 3, interaction between larvae of M. domestica 24 hours older than the larvae of C. albiceps; assay 4, larvae of both species were reared together in flasks with a small supply of food. Weight of larvae, growth time and imago emergence frequency were studied. C. albiceps responded better than M. domestica under most conditions tested. Larvae of C. albiceps responded better in mixed cultures (together with M. domestica) than in pure cultures (larvae of the same species). In contrast, M. domestica responded better when reared in pure cultures. Both species presented shorter growth times when their larvae were reared in intestine tissue with larvae 24 hours younger than the larvae of the concurrent species, compared to their respective growth times in pure cultures. The results confirmed that trophic interactions are relevant to the successful colonization of carrion by C. albiceps. Coexistence of the two species may result in changes in values of their biological components. The results also help to shed light on the biology of the two species in carrion

Wound myiasis: the role of entodermoscopy

Abstract: Although wound or traumatic myiasis is common in tropical countries, only recently cases associated with underlying dermatoses, such as seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasis, have been reported. We describe a patient with seborrheic dermatitis and an ulcerated lesion on the scalp, in which the dermatological examination with the aid of dermoscopy allowed the identification of larvae (maggots) compatible with infestation by Cochliomyia hominivorax. Treatment was performed with oral and topical ivermectin, followed by manual extraction of the larvae.

Miíases humanas: Atualidades para a prática clínica / Human myiasis: updates to the clinical practice

Miíase é uma infestação ectoparasitária, que tem as espécies Cochliomyia hominivorax, Dermatobia hominis e Cochliomyia macellaria como maiores destaques. Os principais fatores de risco são baixo nível socioeconômico, padrões inadequados de higiene, enfermidades psiquiátricas, diabetes mellitus, imunodepressão, etilismo, desnutrição e úlcera varicosa. Os autores abordam a importância epidemiológica da miíase humana em regiões endêmicas, discorrendo sobre manifestações clínicas, diagnóstico, tratamento e medidas profiláticas...

The myiasis consists of a parasitic infestation, the species having Cochliomyia hominivorax, Dermatobia hominis and Cochliomyia macellaria as most prominent. The main risk factors are low socioeconomic status, inadequate hygiene standards, psychiatric disease, diabetes mellitus, immunosuppression, alcoholism, malnutrition and varicose ulcer. There may be asymptomatic or systemic cases with serious complications. The purpose of this article is to address the epidemiological importance of human myiasis in endemic regions, discussing clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prophylactic measures...

Ocorrência e tratamento de miíases cutâneas em ovinos criados em condições semiáridas no norte de Minas Gerais / Occurrence and treatment of cutaneous myiasis in sheep reared in semi-arid conditions in northern Minas Gerais

A ocorrência de miíases cutâneas foi verificada em 10 diferentes criatórios de ovinos no norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil, durante o período de um ano, onde foram analisados os fatores relacionados a essas parasitoses. Os rebanhos possuíam predominantemente animais mestiços Santa Inês, criados em sistemas semiextensivo. Foram registrados 50 casos e a maior incidência foi observada nos meses de março (22%) e abril (18%), períodos de maiores temperaturas e umidade relativa do ar. As patas foram as regiões mais frequentemente acometidas (34% dos casos). As lesões por pododermatites (38% dos casos), onfaloflebites (10%), linfadenite (6%) e dermatobiose (6%) foram os fatores mais frequentemente relacionados às miíases. As taxas de ocorrência não diferiram quanto ao sexo e idade dos animais. Foi constatado que a maioria dos proprietários não realizava o tratamento das miíases de forma correta, sendo que após a implantação de uma terapia preconizada nesta pesquisa, 92% das lesões apresentaram cura entre sete e trinta dias. Os resultados apontam a importância de estratégias para prevenção baseadas nos fatores relacionados neste estudo. A inspeção constante dos ovinos, identificando-se os ferimentos e tratando-se as lesões precocemente, devem constituir práticas rotineiras, principalmente no período chuvoso e quando estão presentes nas patas dos animais.

Cutaneous myiasis was investigated in 10 sheep herds during one year in northern Minas Gerais, Brazil, and factors related to its occurrence were analyzed. The sheep were predominantly hybrid Saint Inês, bred in semi-extensive systems. A total of 50 cases were registered and the highest incidence occurred during March (22%) and April (18%), months with high temperatures and high relative humidity of the air. There was no influence of sex and age for the occurrence of myiasis. The lesions were mostly found on the legs (34% of the cases). Pododermatitis (38% of the cases), omphalophlebitis (10%), lymphadenitis (6%) and dermatobiosis (6%) were the predisposing factors more frequently associated with myiasis. The myiasis was not correctly treated by the owners, but after implantation of a correct therapy, 92% of the lesions presented cure within 7 to 30 days. The results show the importance of preventive strategies based on the predisposing factors identified in this study. The constant inspection, identifying wounds and precociously treating the lesions, should be routine especially at the end of rainy season and when predisposing factors are present.

Myiasis by Screw Worm Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in a Wild Maned Wolf Chrysocyon brachyurus (Mammalia: Canidae), in Brasília, Brazil

In April 2009, a wild maned wolf, Chrysocyon brachyurus, was captured in an area of cerrado in Brasília, DF, Brazil, with screw worm maggots in external wounds. Fifty larvae were bred in the laboratory and eight adults of Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) emerged 10 days after pupation. This is the first report of a myiasis by C. hominivorax in a free-living maned wolf in Brazil.

Influência do clima e da cobertura de solo na mortalidade de Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1958) (Díptera: Calliphoridae) e na atuação de seus inimigos naturais / Influence of the climate and of the covers of soil in the mortality of Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1958) (Díptera: Calliphoridae) and in the performance of their natural enemies

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência do clima e da cobertura vegetal na pupação e emergência de C. hominivorax e na atividade de seus inimigos naturais. Desta forma, experimentos foram desenvolvidos em duas estações climáticas; estação chuvosa (Janeiro a Março) e estação seca (Abril a Junho), com índices pluviométricos acumulados de 253,4mm e 49,2mm, respectivamente, em três tipos de cobertura de solo: vegetal, matéria orgânica e sem cobertura. Após distribuição randômica das larvas nos diferentes tratamentos, analisaram-se algumas das seguintes variáveis: mortalidade larval, número de pupas viáveis e inviáveis, aspecto das pupas inviáveis, percentuais de emergência e atividade predatória por inimigos naturais. Entre as duas estações climáticas, observou-se que a mortalidade larval (10,6%) (χ2=22,779; P<0,0001; chuvosa e seca) e pupal (18,6%) (χ2=5,117; P=0,0308; chuvosa e seca) foi maior na chuvosa. Dentre as coberturas de solo, observou-se menor número de pupas inviáveis em cobertura de matéria orgânica (χ2=13,901; P=0,0003; orgânica e vegetal; χ2=7,409; P=0,0097; orgânica e sem cobertura). Dentre as estações analisadas, observou-se maior percentual de emergência (61,9%) na estação seca (χ2=15,738; P<0,0001; chuvosa e seca) e menor emergência (12,6%) na cobertura vegetal, quando comparada aos demais tratamentos (χ2=15,278; P<0,0001; vegetal e sem cobertura; χ2=20,647; P<0,0001; vegetal e orgânica), sendo o percentual de emergência total de 54,6%. A atividade predatória por insetos foi maior (χ2=263,392; P<0,0001; chuva e seca) na estação chuvosa, em relação à estação seca. Precipitações pluviais elevadas, a cobertura vegetal no solo e a ação de inimigos naturais influenciaram negativamente a sobrevida de C. hominivorax.

The objective of this study was to evaluate her influences of the climate and of the plant cover in the pupation and emergency of C. hominivorax and in their natural enemies’ activity. Experiments were developed in two climatic season; rainy season (January to March) and dry season (April to June), with indexes accumulated pluvial precipitations of 253,4mm and 49,2mm, respectively, in three types of soil cover: plant, organic matter and without any cover. After distribution randomic of the larvae in the different treatments, some of the following variables were analyzed: larval mortality, number of viable and not viable pupae, aspect of the not viable pupae, percentage of emergency and predatory activity by natural enemies. Among the two climatic season, it was observed that the larval mortality (10,6%) (χ2=22,779, P<0,0001; rainy and dry) and pupal (18,6%) (χ2=5,117, P=0,0308; rainy and dry) it was larger in the rainy. Among the soil cover, smaller number of not viable pupas was observed in cover of organic matter (χ2=13,901, P=0,0003; organic and plant cover; χ2=7,409, P=0,0097; organic and without any cover). Among the analyzed seasons, it was observed larger percentage of emergency (61,9%) in the station it dries (χ2=15,738; P <0,0001; rainy and dry) and smaller emergency (12,6%) in the plant cover, when compared to the other treatments (χ2=15,278; P<0,0001; plant cover and without any cover; χ2=20,647; P<0,0001; plant cover and organic), being the percentage of total emergency of 54,6%. The predatory activity for insects was larger (χ2=263,392; P<0,0001; rainy and dry) in the rainy season, in relation to season dry. Elevated pluvial precipitations, the plant cover in the soil and the natural enemies' action influenced the survival of C. hominivorax negatively.

Miasis en cavidad oral por Cochliomyia hominivorax: reporte de un caso / Myiasis in oral cavity by Cochliomyia hominivorax: a case report

La miasis es la infección de humanos y otros vertebrados, por larvas o pupas de moscas. La miasis bucal es unacondición rara no reportada en el Perú. Se presenta un caso de miasis en cavidad oral por Cochliomyia hominivorax en un varón de 62 años procedente de Huacho (Lima, Perú) con postración por enfermedad de Parkinson.

Myasis is an infection of humans and other vertebrates by fly larvaes. It is a rare condition which has not been described in Peru. We presented a case report of an oral myasis by Cochliomyia hominivorax in a 62 year-old patient from Huacho (Lima, Peru) with prostration for Parkinson disease.

Factores de riesgo asociados a la miiasis por cochliomyia hominivorax en fincas ganaderas de Puerto Boyacá (Colombia) / Associated risk factors to myiasis by cochliomyia hominivorax on cattle farms in Puerto Boyacá (Colombia)

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo-transversal en el municipio de Puerto Boyacá para identificar los factores de riesgo asociados a la miiasis por Cochliomyia hominivorax en bovinos. En 44 fincas ganaderas seleccionadas en un muestreo por conveniencia, se efectuó una entrevista personal a cada ganadero acerca del uso del suelo, sistema de producción ganadera y productos para el tratamiento de la miiasis traumática, entre el 6 y el 15 de febrero del 2007. El material suministrado para recolección de larvas fue recogido entre la última semana de abril y la primera semana de mayo del 2007. Análisis de frecuencias, medidas de asociación y pruebas no paramétricas fueron utilizados. Se detectaron 49 casos (0,4 por ciento) de miiasis por C. hominivorax en 12.325 bovinos registrados, en 18 (41 por ciento) de 44 fincas ganaderas. La causa de herida más frecuente fue abrasión por alambre de púas en 16 casos (32,7 por ciento). Los lugares de infestación más frecuente fueron el ombligo y el escroto con 9 casos (18,4 por ciento) cada uno. Se encontró asociación entre grupos etarios en bovinos y la presentación de casos por C. hominivorax (P=0,000; α=0,05). Se halló asociación entre el sistema de producción bovina y la presentación de casos por C. hominivorax (P=0,044; α=0,05). Se registró el uso de productos no adecuados en el tratamiento de la miiasis traumática como creolina (31 fincas), gasolina (4 fincas), aceite quemado (2 fincas), Baygon® (1 finca) y Vanodine® (1 finca). Se concluye que las fincas ganaderas seleccionadas compartieron factores de riesgo, según el sistema de producción ganadera. Se requiere intervención para evitar perjuicios en animales y consumidores por la utilización de productos no apropiados.

A Cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out in countryside of Puerto Boyacá town for identification of Cochliomyia hominivorax myiasis risk factors on cattle. Fourty four cattle farms were selected with a not-random sampling. Personal interviews were carried out to livestock farmers. Land use, livestock production system, and products for treatment of screwworm myiasis were investigated on February 6-15 of 2007. Stuff and instructions were supplied for taking larvae from animal wounds afterwards register survey application. Those materials were collect since last week on April of 2007 until first week on May of 2007. Frequency analysis, cross-tabs measures and non parametric tests were used. 49 screwworm myiasis cases (0.4 percent) out of 12,325 registered cattle were found, in 18 (41 percent) out of 44 selected cattle farms. The main cause of wounds recorded was injury by barbed wire with 16 cases (32.7 percent). Body sites more frequently infested were navel and scrotum with 9 cases (18.4 percent) each one. Association between age group in cattle and screwworm myiasis cases was founded (P=0.000; α=0.05). Association between cattle production system and screwworm myiasis cases was founded (P=0.044; α=0.05). Usual handling of non appropriate products for screwworm myiasis treatment like “creolina” (31 farms), gasoline (4 farms), used motor lubricant oil (2 farms), Baygon® (1 farm) and Vanodine® (1 farm) was registered. It may be concluded that selected cattle farms shared risk factors, depending on cattle production system. It demands epidemiological intervention to avoid damages to animals and consumers for using of inappropriate products for treatment of traumatic myiasis.

Miasis cutánea por Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Díptera: Calliphoridae) en el Hospital Universidad del Norte, Soledad, Atlántico / Cutaneous myiasis by Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Díptera Calliphoridae) in Hospital Universidad del Norte, Soledad, Atlántico

La miasis humana es el parasitismo de órganos y tejidos producido por especies de larvas del orden Díptera. El diagnóstico se realiza con base en hallazgos clínicos y se confirma con estudios entomológicos. Se presenta el caso de una niña de siete años de edad que fue llevada por su padre al servicio de urgencias por presentar fiebre asociada a una lesión abscedada en el cuero cabelludo, con salida espontánea de larvas. Como hallazgo en el examen físico se reportó pediculosis grave. La paciente fue hospitalizada y tratada con clindamicina, gentamicina e ivermectina, y mostró mejoría de sus condiciones clínicas. Se dio alta médica al cuarto día de estancia hospitalaria. Se recolectaron larvas en estadio dos de Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) directamente del área lesionada, observándose la asociación miasis-pediculosis; por lo tanto, se alerta a los trabajadores del área de la salud del riesgo potencial que representa la pediculosis para el desarrollo de la miasis.

Human myiasis is the parasitism of human tissues by fly larvae. Diagnoses are based on clinical pattern of tissue damage and presence of insect stages. Herein, a case myiasis is described in a seven-year-old female child. She presented with fever associated with abscessed scalp lesions containing exposed larvae. Severe pediculosis was also observed. The patient was hospitalized and treated with clindamycin, gentamicin (for bacterial secondary infections) and ivermectin (treatment for lice) after which the patient showed clinical improvement and was discharged four days later. Since human myiasis can be caused by a number of different species, larvae were collected from the patient and identified as those of Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Because other cases of coinfestation of flies and lice are on record, health workers are to be alerted about the possible pediculosis-myasis risk.

Histerocele total complicado con miasis a propósito de un caso / Histerocele myiasis complicated by a total of one case

Miasis es la infestación de órganos o tejidos por larvas de moscas. La infestación con larvas de mosca produce diversas manifestaciones según el sitio afectado y puede incluso, causar la muerte. No es una enfermedad común en humanos pero se observa con alguna regularidad en países neotropicales. Afecta con mayor frecuencia las áreas expuestas de la piel y se presenta raramente en ojos, nariz, senos paranasales, tracto urogenital o recto; en estos casos la infestación se asocia con traumas previos o secresiones purulentas que atraen a las moscas adultas. Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 65 años de edad, con prolapso total del útero (histerocele grado IV) complicado con miasis específica por Cochliomya hominivorax.

Raro caso de miíases por Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera:Calliphoridae) e Dermatobia hominis (Diptera: Oestridae) em paciente humano / A rare case of myiases by Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae)and Dermatobia hominis (Diptera: Oestridae) in a human patient

Miíase é uma doença causada por larvas de dípteros que se alimentam de tecidos vivo ou necrosado de hospedeiros. Paciente ingresso em hospital público, em péssimo estado clínico geral, exibia três lesões na cabeça com miíases, das quais foram retiradas 518 larvas de C. hominivorax e duas de D. hominis. Após aretirada de larvas, o paciente foi submetido a enxerto de pele.

Myiasis is a disease caused by an infection due to invasion of tissues or cavities of the body by larvae of dipterans insects that feed on live or necrotic tissue of the hosts. A patient was admitted to a public hospital, with a very bad general clinic state, presenting three lesions in the head, from which 518 larvae of C. hominivorax and two larvae of D. hominis were removed. After the removal of the larvae, the patient was submitted to a skin graft.

Ecología y epidemiología del Gusano Barrenador del Ganado, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858) / Ecology and epidemiology of screwworm, Cochliomyia Hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858)

La miasis por cochliomyia hominivorax se caracteriza por áreas manchadas con exudados sanguinolentos alrededor de las heridas de los animales. Sus efectos patológicos van desde la irritación mecánica por la alimentación de las larvas hasta la muerte del hospedero en infestaciones sucesivas. En condiciones naturales, las densidades de las poblaciones de la mosca del Gusano Barrenador del Ganado son bajas. Se distribuyen en relación con los cursos de agua, la proximidad de hospederos potenciales y la densidad de la vegetación. Los climas húmedos y calientes favorecen el incremento de las poblaciones del gusano Barrenador del ganado. Dentro de los animales domésticos, la principal especie afectada es la bovina. Los factores de riesgo en los animales están relacionados, principalmente, con prácticas de manejo. En seres humanos, los niños y los ancianos, en condiciones de abandono y desaseo, son los individuos más vulnerables.Se señalan algunos aspectos técnicos que deben ser analizados en la planeación de estudios ecológicos y epidemiológicos en Colombia...

Miíases humanas / Human myiasis

Condição mórbida causada por ectoparasitos - larvas de vetores dípteros. Podem ser classificados, de acordo com a natureza do agente etiológico, em específicas, semi-específicas e acidentes ou, ainda, em miíase cutânea ou cavitária. O diagnóstico é estabelecido em bases clínicas. O tratamento consiste na remoção mecânica de cada uma das larvas ou no oclusão do óstio de entrada da lesão, a fim de sufocar o parasito. O artigo objetiva a revisão de aspectos relevantes, correlacionados com a parasitose

Human myiasis in western Jamaica: five years after the implementation of a screwworm eradication programme

OBJECTIVE: To determine the distribution of cases of human myiasis admitted to the Cornwall Regional Hospital (CRH), Jamaica, between 1999 and 2003, following the inception of the National Screwworm Eradication Programme (NSEP) in 1998, and the risk factors associated with the condition. METHOD: A total of 144 cases of myiasis were retrieved from the database of the department of Medical Records at the CRH for the years 1999 to 2003. A data extraction form was devised to review the circumstances of each case. The data were analyzed using EpiInfo version 6. RESULTS: Of 144 cases, 54.9% were female and 45.1% male. The largest groups were < 10 years, 52.8% [76/144 (M-21, F-55)] and 60years and over, 18.8% [27/144 (M-16, F-I)] (p < 0.001). Case distribution for the years 1999-2003 showed 16, 39, 31, 30, and 28 cases respectively. Three-quarters (74.6%) of all cases affected the scalp/head one-fifth (20.3%) affected the lower limbs. Ninety-six per cent of those < 10 years had scalp/head myiasis (p < 0.001; OR = 23.29; CI: 6.14 < OR < 104.11). Two-thirds (66.6%) of those 60 years and over had lower limb myiasis (p < 0.001; OR = 19.09; CI: 6.20 < OR < 61.12). Mean duration of treatment was 3.5 days (SD = 1.4 days) and 69.7% required hospitalization for seven or more days. There was no difference in duration of treatment for myiasis or in length of hospitalization in relation to method used to eliminate maggots. Risk factors identified included Tinea capitis for myiasis of the scalp/head (p < 0.001) and diabetes mellitus for lower limb myiasis (p < 0.001; OR = 14.48; CI: 2.37 < OR < 133.25). CONCLUSION: Human myiasis remains a public health issue in western Jamaica with no significant decreasing trend in the number of cases admitted to the CRH since 1999. It is recommended that this zoonosis become a Class 1 notifiable disease to the Ministries of Health and Agriculture because of the existing NSEP.

Miasis en Trujillo, Perú: observaciones clínicas y entomológicas / Myiasis in Trujillo, Peru: clinical and entomological observations

Las miasis se presentan en los hospitales de Trujillo con alguna frecuencia, asumiendo cuadros clínicos variados. La revisión presentada es elresultado de un estudio llevado a cabo con el objetivo de precisar los caracteres clínicos y su relación con la identidad y particularidades delos respectivos agentes. Las miasis más frecuentes son causadas por larvas de Cochliomya hominivorax. En pacientes procedentes de zonasselváticas se comprobó la presencia de larvas de Dermatobia hominis y en pacientes (los menos numerosos) que vivian cerca de ganado ovinose encontraron larvas de Oestrus ovis. El procedimiento terapéutico consistió en la extracción de larvas.

Myiasis is seen at the hospitals of Trujillo with some frequency, assuming varied clinical presentations. The presented review is the result of astudy carried out with the aim of specifying the clinical characters and its relation with the identity and particularities of the respective agents.Myasis is most frequently caused by larvae of Cochliomya hominivorax. In patients from the jungle it was verifi ed the presence of larvae ofDermatobia hominis and in patients (the least numerous) who had lived near sheeps larvae of Oestrus ovis was found. The therapeutic procedureconsisted of the extraction of larvae.

Um caso de infestação de orofaringe por cochiliomya hominovorax / A case of throat Cochiliomya hominovorax infstation

As características epidemiológicas das miíases ainda não estão bemdefinidas. Tem sido descrita em pessoas que lidam com animais que habitualmente atraem moscas, ou em indivíduos de baixa classe socioeconômica, com comprometimento de seu estado de saúde. No Brasil, as miíases têm sido descritas com características epidemiológicas semelhantes a essas. Assim, os autores foram levadosa apresentar um caso de miíase em um paciente previamente sadio,de bom nível socioeconômico e a discutir seu tratamento.

Miasis cutánea humana: un caso clínico / Human cutaneous myasis: clinical case

Se presenta un caso clínico de miasis cutánea humana por Cochiomyia hominivorax (Coquerel 1858) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) en un paciente debilitado en el caserío prados de paya, municipio Mariño, Maracay, Estado Aragua